RECOVER FROM COERCIVE CONTROL
Disclaimer:
Renée uses 12 criteria with ratings of 0-3 to assess groups and provide an overall ranking out of 10 that reflects levels of coercive control. These assessments are based upon media reports, personal testimonies, and other research. The findings reflect her personal opinions which may differ to others. She is mindful that groups can change over time, for the better or worst, and that the experiences of individuals may vary within any group. Renée is open to respectful discussions and encourages diverse perspectives to foster a better understanding of matters raised.
Hinduism
Shaivism
Also known as Shaiva tradition, Shaiva Siddhanta, Shaivaite, Shaiva Sampradaya, and Shivaism
Founded by Lord Shiva
Era of the Vedas, approximately 1500- 500 BCE
Established in India. Currently practiced in Australia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Indonesia, Malaysia, Fiji, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and South Africa.
Estimated followers: Unknown (tens of millions worldwide)
Summary of Beliefs
Shaivism is a prominent Hindu tradition centred on the worship of Lord Shiva, one of the principal deities in Hinduism known as the destroyer and transformer. Dates back to the era of the Vedas, the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism and are believed to have been composed between 1500 BCE and 500 BCE.
Followers of Shaivism, known as Shaivas or Shaivites, believe in the divine nature of Shiva as the Supreme Being, who transcends the universe and embodies both benevolent and fierce aspects. Central to Shaivite beliefs is the concept of Shiva as the ultimate reality (Brahman) and the source of creation, preservation, and dissolution of the universe.
Shaivism emphasises devotion (bhakti) to Shiva through rituals, prayers, and meditation aimed at attaining spiritual liberation (moksha) and union with Shiva's divine consciousness. The tradition encompasses a rich variety of philosophical schools, such as Shaiva Siddhanta and Kashmir Shaivism, which interpret Shiva's teachings and the relationship between the individual soul (atman) and the universal soul (Brahman). Shaivites also venerate sacred texts like the Vedas, Agamas, and Puranas, which provide theological insights and ritual practices for honoring Shiva. Iconography, temple worship, and festivals dedicated to Shiva are integral aspects of Shaivite spirituality, fostering a deep connection to divine presence and cosmic energies.
Analysis Using Renée's Cult Ranking
Shaivism is one of the major traditions within Hinduism, centred around the worship of Shiva as the Supreme Being. It is known for its rich spiritual practices, including meditation, rituals, and philosophical teachings. In Australia, Shaivism is practised by a diverse community that includes both immigrants from regions where Shaivism is historically prevalent and Australians who have embraced this path. This analysis uses Renee’s Cult Ranking System to evaluate whether Shaivism in Australia exhibits any characteristics associated with high-control groups.
1. Authoritative Leadership
Score: 1
Shaivism often features a variety of spiritual leaders, including gurus and priests, who guide followers in their spiritual practices. While these leaders hold significant respect and influence, Shaivism generally promotes personal spiritual exploration and autonomy. The level of authoritative control varies widely depending on specific Shaivite communities or ashrams, but it tends to be less centralised compared to other traditions.
2. Control Over Information
Score: 0
Shaivism encourages the pursuit of spiritual knowledge and personal understanding of its teachings. There is no significant restriction on access to information, either within the tradition or from external sources. Followers are often encouraged to read widely and explore various aspects of Shaiva philosophy and other religious or philosophical texts.
3. Deception
Score: 0
Shaivism in Australia operates with a high degree of openness and transparency regarding its practices and teachings. There is no evidence to suggest that Shaivite communities engage in deceptive practices to recruit or retain followers. The focus is typically on voluntary participation and sincere spiritual engagement.
4. Exclusive Knowledge
Score: 1
While Shaivism holds its teachings in high regard, it does not claim exclusive spiritual knowledge or denigrate other paths. Shaivite philosophy acknowledges multiple paths to spiritual realisation and respects the validity of other religious traditions. The emphasis is on deepening one's personal connection to Shiva rather than asserting an exclusive hold on spiritual truth.
5. Exploitation
Score: 0
There is no widespread evidence of financial or emotional exploitation within Shaivite communities in Australia. Contributions to temples or spiritual leaders are typically voluntary, and the overall approach to financial matters is moderate and respectful of individual capabilities. The primary focus is on fostering a supportive and nurturing spiritual environment.
6. Fear, Guilt, & Intimidation
Score: 0
Shaivism emphasises inner peace, self-realisation, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment through practices like meditation and devotion. It does not utilise fear, guilt, or intimidation as tools for control. The teachings of Shaivism focus on love, compassion, and the intrinsic divinity of all beings, fostering a positive and uplifting spiritual atmosphere.
7. Isolation
Score: 0
Shaivite communities in Australia do not promote isolation from broader society. Followers are encouraged to integrate their spiritual practices with their daily lives and maintain relationships outside their religious community. Shaivism values engagement with the world as a part of one's spiritual journey rather than retreating from it.
8. Micro-Management of Daily Tasks
Score: 0
Shaivism does not engage in micromanaging the daily lives of its followers. While there are recommended practices such as meditation, worship, and ethical living, these are suggested as paths to spiritual growth rather than enforced mandates. Followers have the freedom to adapt these practices to their individual lifestyles and needs.
9. Monitoring Thoughts & Behaviours
Score: 0
There is no systematic monitoring of individual thoughts or behaviours in Shaivism. The tradition emphasises personal spiritual development and encourages followers to seek their own understanding and relationship with Shiva. Any guidance provided by spiritual leaders is generally intended to support personal growth rather than to control.
10. Punishment & Discipline
Score: 0
Shaivism does not employ punitive measures or strict disciplinary actions within its communities. The focus is on guiding followers towards self-awareness and spiritual maturity rather than imposing penalties for non-conformity. Any corrections or advice given are typically in the context of compassionate support and encouragement.
11. Thought Reform
Score: 0
Shaivism does not engage in thought reform or coercive persuasion. Followers are encouraged to explore their own spiritual paths and develop their understanding of Shaivite teachings at their own pace. The tradition values personal insight and the experiential aspect of spirituality over rigid doctrinal adherence.
12. Us vs. Them Mentality
Score: 0
Shaivism does not foster an "us vs. them" mentality. It is inclusive and respects the diversity of spiritual paths and beliefs. The teachings encourage a view of all beings as interconnected and divine, promoting harmony and mutual respect among different religious and cultural groups.
Total Score: 2/36
Overall Cult Ranking: 1. Benign Group
With an overall score of 1 on Renee’s scale, Shaivism in Australia is categorised as a minimal-control group. This ranking indicates that Shaivism operates with minimal characteristics associated with high-control groups. The tradition emphasises personal spiritual exploration, voluntary participation, and an inclusive worldview, making it a welcoming and flexible path for its adherents.
Shaivism in Australia, as evaluated through Renee’s Cult Ranking System, demonstrates the hallmarks of a low-control, inclusive spiritual tradition. Its focus on personal spiritual growth, respect for diverse beliefs, and minimal hierarchical control make it accessible and supportive for those seeking a deep connection with Shiva without the constraints of high-control group dynamics.
Further Reading
IS IT A CULT?: Response from
Shaivism
No known response.